Wednesday, May 18, 2016

Holy See (Vatican City)



Holy See (Vatican City) Population: 824
BackgroundPopes in their secular role ruled portions of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand yrs until the mid 19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Trties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman holicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain of the rlier trty provisions, including the primacy of Roman holicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include religious freedom, international development, the environment, the Middle st, China, the decline of religion in Europe, terrorism, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the appliion of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About one billion people worldwide profess the holic faith.Map data ©2009 Europa Technologies - Terms of Use
GeographyLandlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; beyond the territorial boundary of Vatican City, the Lateran Trty of 1929 grants the Holy See extraterritorial authority over 23 sites in Rome and five outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo (the Pope's summer residence).Loion:Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)Geographic coordinates:41 54 N, 12 27 r:total: 0.44 sq km
land: 0.44 sq km
water: 0 sq kmSize comparison: about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land Boundaries:total: 3.2 km
border countries: Italy 3.2 kmCoastline:0 km (landlocked)Maritime claims:none (landlocked)Climate:temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)Terrain:urban; low hillElevation extremes:lowest point: unnamed loion 19 m
highest point: unnamed loion 75 mNatural resources:noneLand use:arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (urban ar) (2005)Irrigated land:0 sq kmNatural hazards:NACurrent Environment Issues:NAInternational Environment Agreements:party to: Climate Change
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution, Environmental Modifiion
PeoplePopulation:824 (July 2008 est.)Age structure:
Median age:
Population growth rate:0.003% (2008 est.)Birth rate:
Dth rate:
Net migration rate:
Sex ratio:
Infant mortality rate:
Life expectancy at birth:
Total fertility rate:
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:NAHIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:NAHIV/AIDS - dths:NANationality:noun: none
adjective: noneEthnic groups:Italians, Swiss, otherReligions:Roman holicLanguages:Italian, Latin, French, various other languagesLiteracy:definition: NA
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100%
GovernmentCountry name:conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)
conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City)
local long form: Santa Sede (Stato a Citta del Vaticano)
local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)Government type:ecclesiasticalCapital:name: Vatican City
geographic coordinates: 41 54 N, 12 27 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahd of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in OctoberAdministrative divisions:noneIndependence:11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the three trties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged, among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the yrs have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th centuryNational holiday:Coronation Day of Pope BENEDICT XVI, 24 April (2005)Constitution:new Fundamental Law promuated by Pope JOHN PAUL II on 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (replaces the first Fundamental Law of 1929)Legal system:based on of Canon Law and revisions to itSuffrage:limited to cardinals less than 80 yrs oldExecutive branch:chief of state: Pope BENEDICT XVI (since 19 April 2005)
hd of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio BERTONE (since 15 September 2006)
cabinet: Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City appointed by the pope
elections: pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 19 April 2005 (next to be held after the dth of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope
election results: Joseph RATZINGER elected Pope BENEDICT XVILegislative branch:unicameral Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican CityJudicial branch:there are three tribunals responsible for civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See
note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pope PIUS XII on 1 May 1946Political parties and lders:nonePolitical pressure groups and lders:none (exclusive of influence exercised by church rs)International organization participation:CE (observer), IA, Interpol, IOM (observer), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, NAM (guest), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO (observer), UPU, WFTU, WIPO, WTO (observer)Diplomatic representation in the US:chief of mission: Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Pietro SAMBI
chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121
FAX: [1] (202) 337-4036Diplomatic representation from the US:chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Ann GLENDON
embassy: Villa Domiziana, Via e Terme Deciane 26, 00153 Rome
mailing address: PSC 59, Box 66, APO AE 09624
telephone: [39] (06) 4674-3428
FAX: [39] (06) 575-8346
EconomyThis unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by an annual contribution (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman holic dioceses throughout the world; by the sale of postage stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos; by fees for admission to museums; and by the sale of publiions. Investments and rl estate income also account for a sizable portion of revenue. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome.GDP (purchasing power parity):$NAGDP (official exchange rate):
GDP - rl growth rate:
GDP - per capita (PPP):
GDP - composition by sector:
Labor force:NALabor force - by occupation:note: essentially services with a small amount of industry; nrly all dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and the approximately 3,000 lay workers live outside the VaticanUnemployment rate:
Population below poverty line:NA%Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Budget:revenues: $310 million
expenditures: $307 million (2006)Agriculture - products:
Industries:printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps; a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activitiesIndustrial production growth rate:
Electricity - production:NA kWhElectricity - consumption:NA kWhElectricity - imports:NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by ItalyExports:
Exports - commodities:
Imports:
Imports - commodities:
Debt - external:
Currency ():euro (EUR)Exchange rates:euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.6734 (2008 est.), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004)Fiscal yr:calendar yr
CommuniionsTele in use:5,120 (2005)Cellular in use:
Telephone system:eral assessment: automatic digital exchange
domestic: connected via fiber optic cable to Telecom Italia network
international: country - 39; uses Italian systemRadio broadcast stations:AM 4, FM 3, shortwave 2 (2004)Television broadcast stations:1 (2005)Internet country :.vaInternet hosts:55 (2008)Internet users:93 (2000)
TransportationRoadways:

MilitaryDefense is the responsibility of Italy; ceremonial and limited security duties performed by Pontifical Swiss GuardMilitary branches:Pontifical Swiss Guard (Corpo a Guardia Svizzera Pontificia) (2007)

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